Go back to the source.
Original language. Clear provenance. Visible limitations.
Bibliography & PDF shelf ↗
Recovered papers, books, dissertations, and outstanding document requests.
HISTORICAL RESEARCHCombination matrix ↗
Shustov’s proposed contexts and their source trail.
Linked research records
Neuroprotective effects of peptides bioregulators in people of various age
R. S. Umnov, N. S. Linkova, V. Kh. Khavinson · Adv Gerontol. 26(4):671–678. PMID 24738258
A gateway review comparing polypeptide complexes (Cortexin and Cerebrolysin) with short peptides (Semax, Cortagen and Pinealon). It discusses older populations and cellular mechanisms; the abstract supplies no trial-quality assessment.
- Population / setting
- Review of earlier research
- What was checked
- Indexed English abstract checked; Russian full text not retrieved.
Limitations & review scope
- Source-linked does not mean a completed risk-of-bias review.
- A review is not an independent clinical replication; proposed mechanisms do not establish efficacy or safety.
Source checked 2026-09-27. This is a source-linked record, not a completed evidence review.
Mechanism of Biological Activity of Short Peptides: Cell Penetration and Epigenetic Regulation of Gene Expression
V. Kh. Khavinson, A. Yu. Solovyev, S. I. Tarnovskaya, N. S. Linkova · Biology Bulletin Reviews 3(6):451–455
Mechanistic review with a table of 15 short peptides on page 453. Tissue labels in the research map are the authors’ proposed targets, not established clinical indications.
- Population / setting
- Review of earlier research
- What was checked
- Author-hosted English PDF and its peptide table checked. Each cited experiment remains a separate appraisal task.
Limitations & review scope
- Source-linked does not mean a completed risk-of-bias review.
- A review is not an independent clinical replication; proposed mechanisms do not establish efficacy or safety.
Source checked 2026-09-27. This is a source-linked record, not a completed evidence review.
EDR Peptide: Possible Mechanism of Gene Expression and Protein Synthesis Regulation Involved in the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s Disease
V. Khavinson, N. Linkova, E. Kozhevnikova, S. Trofimova · Molecules 26(1):159; published December 31, 2020
Reviews EDR/Pinealon mechanisms involving gene regulation, neuronal survival and oxidative-stress pathways. Its cited human reports need original-paper review; it is not a trial establishing Alzheimer’s treatment benefit.
- Population / setting
- Review of earlier research
- What was checked
- Source scope and bibliographic record checked; underlying experiments require individual appraisal.
Limitations & review scope
- Source-linked does not mean a completed risk-of-bias review.
- A review is not an independent clinical replication; proposed mechanisms do not establish efficacy or safety.
Source checked 2026-09-27. This is a source-linked record, not a completed evidence review.
Neuroprotective Effects of Tripeptides—Epigenetic Regulators in Mouse Model of Alzheimer’s Disease
Author list available on linked original paper · Pharmaceuticals 14(6):515
Investigates EDR and KED in an experimental Alzheimer’s model, including dendritic-spine and neuroplasticity measures. Animal-model findings do not establish human benefit.
- Population / setting
- 5xFAD mouse model and neuronal research
- What was checked
- Source scope and bibliographic record checked; underlying experiments require individual appraisal.
Limitations & review scope
- Animal disease model, not a healthy-person or clinical trial.
- No effect size is entered without complete methods and endpoint review.
Source checked 2026-09-27. This is a source-linked record, not a completed evidence review.
Neuroepigenetic Mechanisms of Action of Ultrashort Peptides in Alzheimer’s Disease
Author list available on linked original paper · International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23(8):4259
Develops hypotheses connecting short peptides with gene regulation and neurodegenerative processes. Hypotheses are retained as mechanistic proposals, not clinical conclusions.
- Population / setting
- Review of earlier research
- What was checked
- Source scope and bibliographic record checked; underlying experiments require individual appraisal.
Limitations & review scope
- Source-linked does not mean a completed risk-of-bias review.
- A review is not an independent clinical replication; proposed mechanisms do not establish efficacy or safety.
Source checked 2026-09-27. This is a source-linked record, not a completed evidence review.
Feasibility of Transport of 26 Biologically Active Ultrashort Peptides via LAT and PEPT Family Transporters
V. Kh. Khavinson, N. S. Linkova, A. I. Rudskoy, M. G. Petukhov · Original article; author-hosted PDF
Examines transporter interactions for 26 ultrashort peptides. Feasibility at this level is not demonstrated oral bioavailability, brain delivery or clinical efficacy.
- Population / setting
- Molecular transport feasibility investigation
- What was checked
- Title, authors and abstract checked; detailed experimental/computational methods await appraisal.
Limitations & review scope
- Source-linked does not mean a completed risk-of-bias review.
- A review is not an independent clinical replication; proposed mechanisms do not establish efficacy or safety.
Source checked 2026-09-27. This is a source-linked record, not a completed evidence review.
CHRONAS: pilot study of chronic sleep disorders in patients with chronic cerebral ischemia
M. V. Putilina, N. I. Shabalina · Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 124(4):118–126
Prospective pilot report using sleep, sleepiness and other clinical questionnaires. The abstract describes changes after treatment, but does not describe a randomized untreated control.
- Population / setting
- 50 patients with chronic cerebral ischemia and comorbidities
- What was checked
- English/Russian abstract checked. No wearable sleep-stage results are inferred.
Limitations & review scope
- Clinical population differs from healthy maritime shift workers.
- Before/after change does not isolate a treatment effect.
- Questionnaires cannot validate the personal WHOOP REM/SWS observations.
Source checked 2026-09-27. This is a source-linked record, not a completed evidence review.
Overview of Epitalon—Highly Bioactive Pineal Tetrapeptide with Promising Properties
S. K. Araj, J. Brzezik, K. Mądra-Gackowska, Ł. Szeleszczuk · International Journal of Molecular Sciences 26(6):2691
Contemporary review of AEDG/Epitalon chemistry and experimental literature. Epithalamin extract and defined Epitalon peptide are distinguished; evidence for one is not automatically evidence for the other.
- Population / setting
- Review of earlier research
- What was checked
- Source scope and bibliographic record checked; underlying experiments require individual appraisal.
Limitations & review scope
- Source-linked does not mean a completed risk-of-bias review.
- A review is not an independent clinical replication; proposed mechanisms do not establish efficacy or safety.
Source checked 2026-09-27. This is a source-linked record, not a completed evidence review.
The neuro- and psychophysiological effects of bromantane
O. A. Viatleva, V. G. Barchukov, I. S. Morozov, Iu. A. Salenko, E. N. Zhirnov · Voen Med Zh. 321(8):61–65, 96
The placebo comparison reported EEG and tremor changes, but no change in subjective state or principal operator-performance measures in rested participants.
- Population / setting
- 10 healthy volunteers
- What was checked
- PubMed record and English abstract checked; full paper not reviewed.
Limitations & review scope
- Very small sample and single administration.
- Randomization and allocation details were not established from the abstract.
- The proposed relevance to fatigued operators was not demonstrated by this rested-volunteer comparison.
Source checked 2026-09-27. This is a source-linked record, not a completed evidence review.
The mechanisms of the neurotropic action of bromantan
I. S. Morozov, G. S. Pukhova, N. A. Avdulov, S. A. Sergeeva, A. A. Spasov, I. N. Iezhitsa · Eksp Klin Farmakol. 62(1):11–14
Experimental work examined dopamine, serotonin, and noradrenergic responses. These are mechanistic observations, not evidence of human cognitive or sleep benefits.
- Population / setting
- Animal experiments and synaptosomal assays
- What was checked
- PubMed record and English abstract checked.
Limitations & review scope
- Species, assays, and exposures differ from everyday human use.
- A neurotransmitter-related signal does not establish a clinical mechanism or long-term safety.
Source checked 2026-09-27. This is a source-linked record, not a completed evidence review.
Efficiency of preventive use of bemethyl during long-term voyages
V. S. Novikov · Gig Sanit. (3):37–39
The abstract reports changes in nonspecific-defense measures, operator working ability, and morbidity during prolonged voyages.
- Population / setting
- Shipboard / long-voyage setting; sample size not entered from this abstract
- What was checked
- PubMed record and English abstract checked. Clinical-trial indexing confirmed; control and allocation details require full-text review.
Limitations & review scope
- The abstract does not provide effect sizes or enough design detail for appraisal.
- Prior conversation described a full-text cohort; those numbers are not carried over without rechecking that document.
- No conclusion about toxic-exposure protection, sleep-deprived safety, or long-term use follows.
Source checked 2026-09-27. This is a source-linked record, not a completed evidence review.
Investigation of the actoprotective properties of the tripeptide Pinealon
G. S. Belyaeva, O. K. Davydova, A. I. Erofeev, V. A. Maydan, G. A. Ryzhak, T. V. Siretskaya, V. Kh. Khavinson · Biotekhnosfera. 2(38):25–31
The report compares treadmill performance after a two-week course and describes persistence of a performance signal after Pinealon cessation.
- Population / setting
- Rats; treadmill-to-exhaustion comparison with Metaprot
- What was checked
- Original Russian PDF located; title, opening summary, and study setting checked. Full methodological appraisal pending.
Limitations & review scope
- Animal endurance is not human cognitive performance, sleep, or occupational safety.
- No numerical effect estimate is entered before table-level review.
- The original PDF identifies issue 2(38); some later bibliographies give conflicting issue numbers.
Source checked 2026-09-27. This is a source-linked record, not a completed evidence review.
The peptide correction of neurotic disorders among professional truck-drivers
A. S. Bashkireva, V. G. Artamonova · Adv Gerontol. 25(4):718–728
The abstract describes occupational psychoemotional differences and reports changes with peptide bioregulators, including combined Pinealon and Vezugen.
- Population / setting
- 150 male lorry drivers and 150 male metal craftsmen in the occupational comparison
- What was checked
- PubMed record and English abstract checked; intervention allocation and full methods not reviewed.
Limitations & review scope
- The occupational cohort size is not a verified randomized-treatment sample size.
- Randomization, blinding, and intervention-group sizes are not established from the abstract.
- Combination findings do not identify either peptide’s independent contribution or demonstrate fewer driving accidents.
Source checked 2026-09-27. This is a source-linked record, not a completed evidence review.
The use of thymalin for the treatment of thermal injury
B. I. Kuznik, V. Kh. Khavinson, V. G. Morozov, G. B. Budazhabon, V. A. Sizonenko, V. N. Kuzmin · Kazan Medical Journal. 64(1):39–42
The paper reports immune and hemostatic changes during adjunctive burn treatment. The authors explicitly acknowledge that comprehensive therapy contributed to the observed changes.
- Population / setting
- Patients receiving comprehensive treatment for thermal injury
- What was checked
- Publisher page, Russian text, and English abstract checked. Full risk-of-bias review pending.
Limitations & review scope
- Adjunctive treatment complicates causal attribution.
- Randomization and blinding have not been verified.
- Disease-specific observations do not establish benefits in healthy users.
Source checked 2026-09-27. This is a source-linked record, not a completed evidence review.
Effectiveness of semax in acute period of hemispheric ischemic stroke (a clinical and electrophysiological study)
E. I. Gusev, V. I. Skvortsova, N. F. Miasoedov, V. N. Nezavibatko, E. Iu. Zhuravleva, A. V. Vanichkin · Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova. 97(6):26–34
The report studied Semax alongside intensive stroke care and described neurological and electrophysiological changes.
- Population / setting
- 30 Semax-treated patients; 80 conventional-treatment controls
- What was checked
- PubMed record and English abstract checked.
Limitations & review scope
- The abstract does not establish random allocation or blinding.
- Disease-specific adjunctive care does not demonstrate healthy-person cognitive enhancement.
- Full results, adverse-event reporting, and independent replication require review.
Source checked 2026-09-27. This is a source-linked record, not a completed evidence review.
An open clinical trial of cortexin in treatment of brain ischemia
V. V. Mashin, L. A. Belova, O. I. Chaplanova, A. F. Khusnullina, A. M. Manasian · Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova. 114(9):49–52
The authors describe before/after cognitive, affective, and neurological changes in an open treatment analysis.
- Population / setting
- Analysis of 500 patients with stage II brain ischemia
- What was checked
- PubMed record and English abstract checked. Open interventional report; grouped here with uncontrolled observational evidence.
Limitations & review scope
- No untreated comparison is described in the abstract.
- The analysis sample is 500; the larger screening population is not the analyzed sample.
- This paper did not measure wearable sleep stages and cannot validate the n=1 diary.
Source checked 2026-09-27. This is a source-linked record, not a completed evidence review.
Pirabel during prolonged physical work and recovery — monograph section 6.2
S. V. Okovityi, E. B. Shustov, V. Ts. Bolotova · Work Capacity, Fatigue, Correction. Knorus; section 6.2, pp. 184–189
The book describes a double-blind comparison including placebo, Bemitil, and Pirabel, with performance and recovery measures. It reports endpoint-specific differences, not universal improvement.
- Population / setting
- 78 healthy volunteers aged 18–25, divided into eight groups; six-hour physical-load model
- What was checked
- Recovered 330-page attachment: title page and section text checked; page 184 visually inspected. Full independent methods review not completed.
Limitations & review scope
- Group allocation is described as equivalent groups; randomization has not been established.
- No piracetam-only group appears in the listed comparison, so this cannot establish pharmacological synergy.
- A monograph report is not independent replication; original cited reports require retrieval.
- Young volunteers performing controlled physical work do not establish effects on sleep, watchkeeping, or toxic-exposure safety.
Source checked 2026-09-27. This is a source-linked record, not a completed evidence review.
Research traditions
Neuropeptide research
Sample editorial collection for navigating peptide research. Historical scope and compound assignments require review.
Actoprotection & occupational pharmacology
Editorial collection following performance, fatigue, adaptation, and environmental-stress research. Compound-specific evidence and archival leads are kept separate.
Related nootropics & combinations
Companion compounds and combinations encountered in occupational research. Inclusion does not classify every entry as an actoprotector.
Peptide bioregulation
Sample editorial collection for navigating bioregulator research. This grouping does not establish efficacy or a shared mechanism.
Vitamin & metabolic support
Historical occupational nutrition and environmental-stress research. Collection membership does not establish efficacy.
Institutional provenance
Historical affiliations recorded from linked publications; no institutional endorsement is implied.
Chita Medical Institute
Russia / historical USSR
Institute of Pharmacology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow
Russia