Follow the people.
Then the papers.
An evolving map of adaptation, fatigue, peptide bioregulation and occupational medicine—from historical documents to contemporary research.
Lazarev · Brekhman
Nonspecific resistance and plant-adaptogen research.
Eleutherococcus, Rhodiola, Schisandra
Historical research trail; original sources and individual plant evidence remain to be added.
Vinogradov · Bobkov · Shustov
Workload-specific research, antihypoxants and combinations.
Bemitil, Pirabel, Picamilon, Amtizol, Etomerzol, Yakton, Sydnocarb, Phenotropil, Pantogam, Phenibut
Existing source-linked compounds sit alongside explicitly unresolved expansion leads.
I. S. Morozov and collaborators
Bromantane, neuropharmacology and stressor-dependent performance.
Bromantane, Chlodantane, Bromitil
Do not conflate I. S. Morozov’s adamantane work with V. G. Morozov’s peptide work.
Khavinson · V. G. Morozov · Linkova · collaborators
Tissue-derived preparations and defined short-peptide research.
Thymalin, Cortexin, Pinealon, Epitalon and the 2013 catalogue
Adjacent Semax and Cerebrolysin research has distinct developmental histories.
Elistratov · related Military Medical Academy research
B-100/B-200/B-300 formulations and separate cofactor preparations.
B-300, Bemitil, Trekrezan; Binavit as a separate formulation
A shared metabolic theme is not proof of common composition or historical descent.
Two reviews, different jobs.
Umnov, Linkova and Khavinson compare Cortexin and Cerebrolysin with Semax, Cortagen and Pinealon. The separate short-peptide mechanism review adds a broader catalogue. These reviews organize the literature; neither is a new clinical trial.
Neuroprotective effects of peptides bioregulators in people of various age
R. S. Umnov, N. S. Linkova, V. Kh. Khavinson · Adv Gerontol. 26(4):671–678. PMID 24738258
A gateway review comparing polypeptide complexes (Cortexin and Cerebrolysin) with short peptides (Semax, Cortagen and Pinealon). It discusses older populations and cellular mechanisms; the abstract supplies no trial-quality assessment.
- Population / setting
- Review of earlier research
- What was checked
- Indexed English abstract checked; Russian full text not retrieved.
Limitations & review scope
- Source-linked does not mean a completed risk-of-bias review.
- A review is not an independent clinical replication; proposed mechanisms do not establish efficacy or safety.
Source checked 2026-09-27. This is a source-linked record, not a completed evidence review.
Mechanism of Biological Activity of Short Peptides: Cell Penetration and Epigenetic Regulation of Gene Expression
V. Kh. Khavinson, A. Yu. Solovyev, S. I. Tarnovskaya, N. S. Linkova · Biology Bulletin Reviews 3(6):451–455
Mechanistic review with a table of 15 short peptides on page 453. Tissue labels in the research map are the authors’ proposed targets, not established clinical indications.
- Population / setting
- Review of earlier research
- What was checked
- Author-hosted English PDF and its peptide table checked. Each cited experiment remains a separate appraisal task.
Limitations & review scope
- Source-linked does not mean a completed risk-of-bias review.
- A review is not an independent clinical replication; proposed mechanisms do not establish efficacy or safety.
Source checked 2026-09-27. This is a source-linked record, not a completed evidence review.
| Research peptide | Target label in the review | Evidence boundary |
|---|---|---|
| Thymogen ↗ | Immune regulation | Catalogue-level source link; underlying studies require appraisal. |
| Vilon ↗ | Tissue regeneration | Catalogue-level source link; underlying studies require appraisal. |
| Normophthal ↗ | Retina | Catalogue-level source link; underlying studies require appraisal. |
| Cartalax ↗ | Joints | Catalogue-level source link; underlying studies require appraisal. |
| Pinealon ↗ | Brain | Catalogue-level source link; underlying studies require appraisal. |
| Chonluten ↗ | Respiratory system | Catalogue-level source link; underlying studies require appraisal. |
| Vesugen ↗ | Vascular system | Catalogue-level source link; underlying studies require appraisal. |
| Epitalon ↗ | Neuroendocrine system | Catalogue-level source link; underlying studies require appraisal. |
| Prostamax ↗ | Prostate | Catalogue-level source link; underlying studies require appraisal. |
| Livagen ↗ | Liver | Catalogue-level source link; underlying studies require appraisal. |
| Cortagen ↗ | Brain | Catalogue-level source link; underlying studies require appraisal. |
| Pancragen ↗ | Pancreas | Catalogue-level source link; underlying studies require appraisal. |
| Cardiogen ↗ | Myocardium | Catalogue-level source link; underlying studies require appraisal. |
| Testagen ↗ | Testes | Catalogue-level source link; underlying studies require appraisal. |
| Bronchogen ↗ | Bronchi | Catalogue-level source link; underlying studies require appraisal. |
B-300 and Binavit.
Elistratov’s B-300 belongs to the Bemitil/Trekrezan experimental-cocktail programme. Binavit is a separate metabolic-support preparation lead. Their relationship here is an editorial research theme, not demonstrated historical descent or interchangeability.
The dissertation’s conclusions describe both performance findings and increased errors at higher exposure. The exact formula, 34-subject arm mentioned in the recap, allocation and safety data still require original-methods verification before those details become verified study data.
View B-300 alongside the historical combinations matrix ↗The modern continuation.
Molecular proposals, animal experiments, clinical observations and reviews remain distinct evidence types. A later review does not independently replicate the studies it cites.
EDR Peptide: Possible Mechanism of Gene Expression and Protein Synthesis Regulation Involved in the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s Disease
V. Khavinson, N. Linkova, E. Kozhevnikova, S. Trofimova · Molecules 26(1):159; published December 31, 2020
Reviews EDR/Pinealon mechanisms involving gene regulation, neuronal survival and oxidative-stress pathways. Its cited human reports need original-paper review; it is not a trial establishing Alzheimer’s treatment benefit.
- Population / setting
- Review of earlier research
- What was checked
- Source scope and bibliographic record checked; underlying experiments require individual appraisal.
Limitations & review scope
- Source-linked does not mean a completed risk-of-bias review.
- A review is not an independent clinical replication; proposed mechanisms do not establish efficacy or safety.
Source checked 2026-09-27. This is a source-linked record, not a completed evidence review.
Neuroprotective Effects of Tripeptides—Epigenetic Regulators in Mouse Model of Alzheimer’s Disease
Author list available on linked original paper · Pharmaceuticals 14(6):515
Investigates EDR and KED in an experimental Alzheimer’s model, including dendritic-spine and neuroplasticity measures. Animal-model findings do not establish human benefit.
- Population / setting
- 5xFAD mouse model and neuronal research
- What was checked
- Source scope and bibliographic record checked; underlying experiments require individual appraisal.
Limitations & review scope
- Animal disease model, not a healthy-person or clinical trial.
- No effect size is entered without complete methods and endpoint review.
Source checked 2026-09-27. This is a source-linked record, not a completed evidence review.
Neuroepigenetic Mechanisms of Action of Ultrashort Peptides in Alzheimer’s Disease
Author list available on linked original paper · International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23(8):4259
Develops hypotheses connecting short peptides with gene regulation and neurodegenerative processes. Hypotheses are retained as mechanistic proposals, not clinical conclusions.
- Population / setting
- Review of earlier research
- What was checked
- Source scope and bibliographic record checked; underlying experiments require individual appraisal.
Limitations & review scope
- Source-linked does not mean a completed risk-of-bias review.
- A review is not an independent clinical replication; proposed mechanisms do not establish efficacy or safety.
Source checked 2026-09-27. This is a source-linked record, not a completed evidence review.
Feasibility of Transport of 26 Biologically Active Ultrashort Peptides via LAT and PEPT Family Transporters
V. Kh. Khavinson, N. S. Linkova, A. I. Rudskoy, M. G. Petukhov · Original article; author-hosted PDF
Examines transporter interactions for 26 ultrashort peptides. Feasibility at this level is not demonstrated oral bioavailability, brain delivery or clinical efficacy.
- Population / setting
- Molecular transport feasibility investigation
- What was checked
- Title, authors and abstract checked; detailed experimental/computational methods await appraisal.
Limitations & review scope
- Source-linked does not mean a completed risk-of-bias review.
- A review is not an independent clinical replication; proposed mechanisms do not establish efficacy or safety.
Source checked 2026-09-27. This is a source-linked record, not a completed evidence review.
CHRONAS: pilot study of chronic sleep disorders in patients with chronic cerebral ischemia
M. V. Putilina, N. I. Shabalina · Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 124(4):118–126
Prospective pilot report using sleep, sleepiness and other clinical questionnaires. The abstract describes changes after treatment, but does not describe a randomized untreated control.
- Population / setting
- 50 patients with chronic cerebral ischemia and comorbidities
- What was checked
- English/Russian abstract checked. No wearable sleep-stage results are inferred.
Limitations & review scope
- Clinical population differs from healthy maritime shift workers.
- Before/after change does not isolate a treatment effect.
- Questionnaires cannot validate the personal WHOOP REM/SWS observations.
Source checked 2026-09-27. This is a source-linked record, not a completed evidence review.
Overview of Epitalon—Highly Bioactive Pineal Tetrapeptide with Promising Properties
S. K. Araj, J. Brzezik, K. Mądra-Gackowska, Ł. Szeleszczuk · International Journal of Molecular Sciences 26(6):2691
Contemporary review of AEDG/Epitalon chemistry and experimental literature. Epithalamin extract and defined Epitalon peptide are distinguished; evidence for one is not automatically evidence for the other.
- Population / setting
- Review of earlier research
- What was checked
- Source scope and bibliographic record checked; underlying experiments require individual appraisal.
Limitations & review scope
- Source-linked does not mean a completed risk-of-bias review.
- A review is not an independent clinical replication; proposed mechanisms do not establish efficacy or safety.
Source checked 2026-09-27. This is a source-linked record, not a completed evidence review.
The next sources to recover.
These topics were discussed in the recap but are not yet fully checked source records. They remain visible without turning prior chat claims into verified results.
Gazprom / Far North
The recap cites an occupational programme and a 2001 Vancouver congress abstract, followed by later Far North and Urengoy publications. Primary protocol, allocation, exact preparations and outcome denominators remain unresolved. Headline morbidity multipliers are not treated as verified effects.
Tatenergo / locomotive crews
Industrial-worker and 2012 locomotive-brigade citations need original reports and methods. These populations should not be merged with the source-linked truck-driver comparison.
Modern Cortexin programmes
CORTEX (2022), CORNELia (2023), post-COVID and younger-stroke reports (2024), teachers/work capacity (2020), and adjunctive depression research (2026): recap leads awaiting individual source recovery and appraisal. CHRONAS has a separately checked abstract.
Pinealon primary-source trail
Early viability/oxidative-stress reports, animal cognition/caspase work and a 72-patient traumatic-brain-injury report cited by later reviews remain primary-paper recovery tasks. A review’s mention is not a new independent trial.
Bemethyl analytical pharmacology
The recap identifies a 2021 LC-MS/HRMS biotransformation paper. Retrieve and assess the original; metabolism research is not evidence of occupational performance benefit.
Expanded preparations
Epithalamin, Retinalamin, Prostatilen, Crystagen, Ventfort, Vladonix, Svetinorm, Sigumir, Ovagen and Endoluten remain identity/formulation leads. Commercial mixtures must not be equated with defined short sequences without source verification.