Metabolism of a New Dipeptide Neuroprotector in Rats.
Kolyvanov GB, Bochkov PO, Litvin AA, Shevchenko RV, Podol'ko AL, Kravtsova OY, Kolyasnikova KN, Zherdev VP · 2022 · Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine (2022); PMID 35352249
Study data at a glance
- Participants or experimental model
- Rat plasma HPLC–mass spectrometry
- Reported results
- Four GZK-111 biotransformation products were identified. Ester hydrolysis and pathways producing phenylacetic acid and CPG were described.
Molekul summary of the linked publication. Educational information, not medical advice. Seek qualified healthcare help for medical conditions.
Methods, limitations & source review
Study limitations
- Metabolite identification does not establish human pharmacokinetics, brain exposure or clinical equivalence to Noopept.
- Indexed abstract checked; complete methods, tables and independent replication have not been appraised.
Publication counts are not counts of independent trials. Reviews, translations and reports sharing participants may overlap. Findings apply to the studied preparation, population and endpoints.
Review depth: Indexed abstract checked
Source access and review scope
Original publication metadata and indexed abstract checked via Europe PMC; no full-text appraisal.
Recorded source-check date: 2026-10-17. This date does not imply a completed systematic review.
Citation and original source
Original source: Kolyvanov GB, Bochkov PO, Litvin AA, Shevchenko RV, Podol'ko AL, Kravtsova OY, Kolyasnikova KN, Zherdev VP. Metabolism of a New Dipeptide Neuroprotector in Rats. Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine (2022); PMID 35352249 2022.
Molekul research summary: https://molekul.io/research/oct17-35352249. Cite the original publication for its findings and this page when referring to Molekul’s summary or evidence appraisal.
Bibliography entry