Pharmacological correction of immuno-metabolic disorders with the peptide Gly-His-Lys in hepatic damage induced by tetrachloromethane
M. Yu. Smakhtin, A. I. Konoplya, L. A. Sever’yanova, I. A. Shveinov · 2003 · Patologicheskaia Fiziologiia i Eksperimentalnaia Terapiia. 2003;(2):19–21. PMID 12838768
Reported findings and study design
Narrative findings; numerical extraction incomplete
A proliferation signal coexisted with adverse findings at the higher exposure.
Ten-day intraperitoneal GHK administration in experimental toxic liver injury; group sizes unavailable.
Dose, route and schedule
Ten-day intraperitoneal administration. Abstract prints 2.5/150 “mu/kg” in its dose statement and 1.5 “mu/kg” in its results; exact lower dose and unit require the original paper.
Protocol source ↗ · Original indexed abstract with internally conflicting dose text
| Measure | Result | Comparison, timing and statistics |
|---|---|---|
| Hepatocyte mitotic index | Increased; no numerical treatment-versus-control estimate provided | |
| Lower-exposure response | Improved liver functional activity and immune responsiveness described | Result sentence prints 1.5 “mu/kg”; opening dose sentence prints 2.5 “mu/kg” |
| Higher-exposure response | More potent immunosuppression, worse serum biochemical indices and more dystrophic liver changes | 150 “mu/kg” as printed; malformed unit retained |
| Dose and access limitation | Lower-dose conflict and malformed “mu/kg” remain unresolved; original full paper needed |
Increased cell division did not ensure improved liver condition. Do not silently substitute the dissertation’s µg/kg doses for the conflicting article abstract.
Source for the extracted data ↗ · Checked 2026-11-08
Molekul summary of the linked publication. Educational information, not medical advice. Seek qualified healthcare help for medical conditions.
Methods, limitations & source review
Study limitations
- Animal endpoints do not establish human efficacy, a safe human dose or long-term safety. These were not GHK-Cu administration experiments.
- The 2002 paper, 2003 paper, 2004 dissertation and related patent belong to the same research program; independence of their animal cohorts is unresolved.
- The lower dose is printed as both 2.5 and 1.5, with the malformed unit “mu/kg”. The dissertation provides a separate µg/kg account, not a correction authenticated for this article.
- No numerical enzyme changes, histology scores, group denominators or effect uncertainty supplied by the checked abstract.
Publication counts are not counts of independent trials. Reviews, translations and reports sharing participants may overlap. Findings apply to the studied preparation, population and endpoints.
Document format: Original indexed abstract
Review depth: Abstract checked; complete article and outcome tables unavailable
Related-report group: kursk-ghk-liver-2002-2004. Reports in this group are not assumed to be independent trials.
Source access and review scope
Original PubMed abstract checked. It prints 2.5 and 150 “mu/kg” initially but 1.5 “mu/kg” in the result sentence. The malformed unit and lower-dose conflict remain unresolved.
Recorded source-check date: 2026-11-08. This date does not imply a completed systematic review.
Source type: Original experimental journal publication
Citation and original source
Original source: M. Yu. Smakhtin, A. I. Konoplya, L. A. Sever’yanova, I. A. Shveinov. Pharmacological correction of immuno-metabolic disorders with the peptide Gly-His-Lys in hepatic damage induced by tetrachloromethane Patologicheskaia Fiziologiia i Eksperimentalnaia Terapiia. 2003;(2):19–21. PMID 12838768 2003.
Molekul research summary: https://molekul.io/research/ghk-liver-injury-2003. Cite the original publication for its findings and this page when referring to Molekul’s summary or evidence appraisal.
Bibliography entry