Metaprot, Trekrezan and Polyoxidonium in rat macrophage assays
I. V. Zarubina, E. V. Antonenkova, A. V. Bolekhan, E. V. Mokrenko · 2014 · Reviews on Clinical Pharmacology and Drug Therapy. 2014;12(1):15–18.
Indexed 2026-11-11.
Related evidence maps: Military & occupational ↗
Reported findings and study design
Reported findings
The assay used 10 million cells per cuvette and a saline reference normalized to 100%. Metaprot and Trekrezan were tested at 0.1 or 20 mM, Polyoxidonium at 500 or 1,500 µg/mL, and combinations at matched low or high concentrations. Luminescence was recorded after 20 and 40 minutes of incubation.
| Measure | Result | Comparison, timing and statistics |
|---|---|---|
| Peritoneal macrophage luminescence, 40 minutes | 292 ± 5% at 0.1 mM each; 38 ± 2% at 20 mM each | Trekrezan plus Metaprot, relative to saline control (100%). · Both marked p < 0.05 vs control. |
| Alveolar macrophage luminescence, 40 minutes | 302 ± 15% with Metaprot; 20 ± 2% with Metaprot plus Trekrezan | 20 mM per included agent, relative to saline control. · Each marked p < 0.05 vs control. |
| Polyoxidonium in alveolar macrophages, 40 minutes | 163 ± 16% at 500 µg/mL; 69 ± 4% at 1,500 µg/mL | Relative to saline control. · Both marked p < 0.05 vs control. |
Selected luminescence intensities from Tables 1 and 2 (% of saline control)
| Exposure | Peritoneal, 20 min | Peritoneal, 40 min | Alveolar, 20 min | Alveolar, 40 min |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Saline | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
| Metaprot 20 mM | 21 ± 2 | 36 ± 4 | 297 ± 23 | 302 ± 15 |
| Trekrezan + Metaprot, 0.1 mM each | 191 ± 6 | 292 ± 5 | 133 ± 2 | 124 ± 3 |
| Trekrezan + Metaprot, 20 mM each | 28 ± 1 | 38 ± 2 | 40 ± 3 | 20 ± 2 |
| Polyoxidonium 500 µg/mL | 115 ± 5 | 108 ± 3 | 180 ± 16 | 163 ± 16 |
| Polyoxidonium 1,500 µg/mL | 86 ± 6 | 92 ± 9 | 85 ± 5 | 69 ± 4 |
| Polyoxidonium 1,500 µg/mL + Metaprot 20 mM | 27 ± 3 | 36 ± 3 | 66 ± 4 | 85 ± 5 |
Values and uncertainty terms as printed. This table extracts intensity rather than peak luminescence.
The direction changed with concentration and cell source. The authors did not test pharmacological synergy.
Source for these results ↗ · Reviewed 2026-11-11
For research and education. Consult a qualified clinician for medical advice.
Study limitations and source details
Study limitations
- Chemiluminescence is a superoxide-related assay signal. It does not measure infection resistance or a clinical immune response.
- The significance labels compare conditions with saline. They do not test an interaction between the two drugs.
Source access
Original journal PDF, experimental methods and Tables 1–2 checked.
Source reviewed 2026-11-11.
DOI: 10.17816/RCF12115-18
Citation and original source
Original source: I. V. Zarubina, E. V. Antonenkova, A. V. Bolekhan, E. V. Mokrenko. Metaprot, Trekrezan and Polyoxidonium in rat macrophage assays Reviews on Clinical Pharmacology and Drug Therapy. 2014;12(1):15–18. 2014.
Molekul research summary: https://molekul.io/research/zarubina-macrophage-combinations-2014. Cite the original publication for its findings and this page when referring to Molekul’s summary or evidence appraisal.
Bibliography entryRelated compound profiles
Bemitil
A benzimidazole-derived actoprotector, also indexed as bemethyl and Metaprot. Research spans patient asthenia, occupational settings, neuromuscular and liver studies, metabolism and preclinical safety; these are research contexts, not established uses.
Trekrezan
A research lineage linking synthetic adaptogen chemistry with Kirov environmental-stress and immune-metabolism programs. Human cold-exposure work, animal hypoxia studies and experimental combinations are distinguished below.
Polyoxidonium
Azoximer bromide is a synthetic polymer studied alongside Trekrezan and Bemitil in rat inflammation models and isolated macrophage assays.