Thymogen and four peptide preparations in hypoxia, heat and cold
E. B. Shustov, M. T. Gasanov, G. D. Kapanadze, Yu. V. Fokin, V. S. Novikov, E. L. Matveenko, Kh. Kh. Semenov · 2018 · Biomeditsina 2018(2):4–14, Tables 1–3; paired with 2014 Volume III Table 11
Indexed 2026-11-09.
Related evidence maps: Military & occupational ↗
Reported findings and study design
In the three-day rat comparison, Thymogen at 0.1 mg/kg gave 28.6±11.8 min versus 2.2±0.1 with saline. All 16 arms and their reported values match the 2014 monograph. Thymogen had no significant benefit on the air-cooling endpoint.
The single-dose mouse screen used 10,000 m, 8–10 per dose in the 2018 report (6–10 in the 2014 book). Table 1 instead reports a three-day rat series tested at 11,500 m the next day. Arm sizes for the repeated-dose table are not stated in the audited passage.
Dose, route and schedule
Historical animal protocol. Intraperitoneal dosing daily for three days for the course hypoxia series. Thymogen 0.001, 0.01 or 0.1 mg/kg, with distinct dose ranges for the other preparations.
Protocol source ↗ · Original 2018 methods and Tables 1–3 compared with Volume III Chapter 7, pp. 174–177.
| Measure | Result | Comparison, timing and statistics |
|---|---|---|
| Thymogen · course hypoxia | 10.6±3.2, 20.1±11.1 and 28.6±11.8 min | At 0.001, 0.01 and 0.1 mg/kg respectively. Saline 2.2±0.1 min. · p<0.05, p<0.01 and p<0.01 versus saline as marked. |
| Thymalin · course hypoxia | 7.1±2.6 min at 0.1 mg/kg versus 2.2±0.1 min saline | 0.5 mg/kg arm was unmarked for significance. · p<0.05 for 0.1 mg/kg |
| Cortexin · course hypoxia and heat | 5.2±3.2 min at 1 mg/kg in hypoxia; 88.6±2.4 vs 96.5±5.2 min at 5 mg/kg in heat | Separate stress experiments and different doses. The heat endpoint shortened. · Both selected contrasts p<0.05 as marked |
| Prostatilen · course hypoxia | 7.0±5.6 min at 0.1 mg/kg versus 2.2±0.1 min saline | At 0.5 mg/kg: 4.2±0.7 min and a 66% increase in resistant animals as printed. · 0.1 mg/kg time p<0.01 as marked |
| Epithalamin · course hypoxia and cold | 7.4±4.5 min at 10 mg/kg in hypoxia; 194±22 vs 168±12 min at 0.5 mg/kg in air cooling | Separate dose and stress protocols. 1 mg/kg hypoxia arm was unmarked. · Both selected contrasts p<0.05 as marked |
| Thymogen · air cooling | 185±25 vs 168±12 min to rectal temperature of 35°C | 0.05 mg/kg versus control. No significant contrast marked. |
| Publication overlap | 2014 Table 11 and 2018 Table 1 repeat the same values | Counts as one reported experiment. Both publications also describe a distinct acute mouse screen. |
Matched course-hypoxia data · 2014 Table 11 and 2018 Table 1
| Arm | Dose (mg/kg unless noted) | Time (min) | Reported change (%) | Resistant-animal share increase (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Saline | 1.0 as printed | 2.2±0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| Thymalin | 0.1 | 7.1±2.6* | 238 | 38 |
| Thymalin | 0.5 | 3.7±1.0 | 76 | 16 |
| Thymalin | 1.0 | 4.4±2.2* | 110 | 16 |
| Cortexin | 0.1 | 3.9±1.4 | 86 | 5 |
| Cortexin | 0.5 | 3.8±0.4* | 81 | 16 |
| Cortexin | 1.0 | 5.2±3.2* | 148 | 5 |
| Prostatilen | 0.1 | 7.0±5.6** | 233 | 0 |
| Prostatilen | 0.5 | 4.2±0.7* | 100 | 66* |
| Prostatilen | 1.0 | 2.4±1.0 | 14 | 16 |
| Epithalamin | 0.1 | 2.7±0.6 | 22 | 15 |
| Epithalamin | 1.0 | 1.8±0.5 | 0 | 0 |
| Epithalamin | 10.0 | 7.4±4.5* | 236 | 33 |
| Thymogen | 0.001 | 10.6±3.2* | 405 | 48* |
| Thymogen | 0.01 | 20.1±11.1** | 857 | 60* |
| Thymogen | 0.1 | 28.6±11.8** | 1262 | 80** |
M±m. * p<0.05, ** p<0.01 versus saline. Percentage column transcribed as printed and may differ from calculations using rounded means. The book’s adjacent mouse protocol describes the acute screen.
The papers distinguish the single-dose mouse screen from the three-day rat protocol. The matching table adds no independent animals or human participants.
Source for the extracted data ↗ · Checked 2026-11-09
Molekul summary of the linked publication. Educational information, not medical advice. Seek qualified healthcare help for medical conditions.
Methods, limitations & source review
Study limitations
- The 2018 rat course results and 2014 book table belong to one evidence family. The book omits an explicit course-series species and altitude in the adjacent paragraph.
- Short survival in an extreme animal model is separate from human endurance or safety.
Publication counts are not counts of independent trials. Reviews, translations and reports sharing participants may overlap. Findings apply to the studied preparation, population and endpoints.
Document format: Original 2018 methods and Tables 1–3 compared with Volume III Chapter 7, pp. 174–177.
Review depth: Reported methods, results and evidence limitations
Related-report group: shustov-2014-2018-course-hypoxia. Reports in this group are not assumed to be independent trials.
Source access and review scope
Original 2018 methods and Tables 1–3 compared with Volume III Chapter 7, pp. 174–177.
Recorded source-check date: 2026-11-09. This date does not imply a completed systematic review.
Source type: Biomeditsina 2018(2):4–14, Tables 1–3; paired with 2014 Volume III Table 11
Citation and original source
Original source: E. B. Shustov, M. T. Gasanov, G. D. Kapanadze, Yu. V. Fokin, V. S. Novikov, E. L. Matveenko, Kh. Kh. Semenov. Thymogen and four peptide preparations in hypoxia, heat and cold Biomeditsina 2018(2):4–14, Tables 1–3; paired with 2014 Volume III Table 11 2018.
Molekul research summary: https://molekul.io/research/extreme-peptides-2018. Cite the original publication for its findings and this page when referring to Molekul’s summary or evidence appraisal.
Bibliography entryRelated compound profiles
Thymogen
EW is discussed in the thymus-derived research program. Thymalin extract outcomes cannot be assigned to this defined peptide.
Thymalin
Thymus-derived peptide mixture with historical Russian studies in autoimmune cytopenias and thyroiditis, alongside other treatments. It is distinct from synthetic Thymogen and Thymodepressin.
Cortexin
A tissue-derived preparation with Russian stroke, cognitive, pediatric and other clinical reports. Study designs vary; the independent stroke review is shown alongside favorable original reports. None validates the personal WHOOP diary.
Epithalamin
A pineal-gland tissue extract containing a mixture of peptides. Human aging and melatonin studies of this preparation must be distinguished from research on synthetic Epitalon (AEDG).
Prostatilen
A prostate-tissue-derived polypeptide preparation with historical urological clinical reports. It is distinct from the synthetic short peptide Prostamax.