NALE & peptide GНАЛЭ
What is it?
An experimental non-opiate leu-enkephalin analogue used to investigate cytoprotection apart from conventional opioid effects.
Research context
An experimental non-opiate leu-enkephalin analogue used to investigate cytoprotection apart from conventional opioid effects.
What the studies found
in vitro · 2021
Primary pulmonary fibroblast cultures
NALE and the C-terminal Gly comparator peptide G reduced oxidative-injury markers. NO-synthase inhibition did not remove protection, arguing against an essential role for terminal Arg or NO-synthase activation in this cell model.
Limit: Preclinical findings do not establish human benefit or safety.
Role of Amino Acid Arginine and Nitric Oxide in Mechanisms of Cytoprotective Effect of Non-Opiate Leu-Enkephalin Analogue In Vitro. ↗in vitro · 2026
Primary pulmonary fibroblasts under oxidative stress
NALE retained cytoprotective effects during NOP-receptor blockade. Some combined measures improved further, so earlier proposals of NOP mediation remain unresolved rather than established.
Limit: Preclinical findings do not establish human benefit or safety.
Cytoprotective Effect of NOP Receptor Blockade in Primary Culture of Pulmonary Fibroblasts. ↗in vitro · 2019
Primary pulmonary fibroblasts
NALE reduced oxidative-stress and nucleolar changes in pulmonary fibroblasts. The paper explicitly gives Phe–D-Ala–Gly–Phe–Leu–Arg; its suggested NOP mechanism was a hypothesis.
Limit: In-vitro surrogate outcomes, not clinical recovery.
Cytoprotective effect of non-opioid leu-enkephalin analogue in primary culture of pulmonary fibroblasts in oxidative stress ↗Selected findings, not a systematic review or a treatment recommendation. Combination and related-preparation results cannot be attributed to this compound alone. See each source for access status and remaining limitations.
- Working classification
- Peptide research family
- Research collection
- Opioid-peptide cytoprotection · editorial grouping
- Institutional provenance
- Not established for this compound record
- Last evidence review
- Full evidence review pending; source-check scope appears with each publication below.
What do we know?
- Human research
- —No human treatment trial assessed for this family
- Study methods
- —Member-specific studies; patents and archival leads identified separately
- Independent replication
- —Independent replication not established by the records collected here
- Source access
- —Primary abstracts, selected full texts, patents and explicit retrieval targets
- Safety evidence
- —Cell and animal effects do not establish human safety; analogues may differ
These are independent review fields, not a rating. Missing evidence in this starter does not mean no research exists.
Inside this research family
Grouping supports navigation. It does not imply equivalent composition, mechanisms, effectiveness or safety.
| Member | Identity | What the source supports |
|---|---|---|
| NALE | Phe–D-Ala–Gly–Phe–Leu–Arg | The 2019 primary paper resolves the Gly-containing sequence for its tested preparation. |
| Peptide G | Phe–D-Ala–Gly–Phe–Leu–Gly | C-terminal comparator also protected fibroblasts in the 2021 study. |
| NOP blockade | Mechanistic follow-up, 2026 | Protection persisted during receptor blockade; NOP mediation is not established. Cytoprotective Effect of NOP Receptor Blockade in Primary Culture of Pulmonary Fibroblasts. ↗ |
Interpretation and open questions
Older Glu/Gly transcriptions must be checked against the actual preparation, not normalized by assumption.
Direct cell protection does not establish safe systemic delivery, organ recovery or human efficacy.
Linked sources
Explore the research map and unresolved leads ↗
Role of Amino Acid Arginine and Nitric Oxide in Mechanisms of Cytoprotective Effect of Non-Opiate Leu-Enkephalin Analogue In Vitro.
Sazonova EN, Lebed'ko OA, Pinaeva OG, Tsimbalist NA, Kupriyanova DA, Tarasov PK, Malofey YB · Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine
NALE and the C-terminal Gly comparator peptide G reduced oxidative-injury markers. NO-synthase inhibition did not remove protection, arguing against an essential role for terminal Arg or NO-synthase activation in this cell model.
- Population / setting
- Primary pulmonary fibroblast cultures
- What was checked
- Primary publication metadata and indexed abstract checked via Europe PMC; full methodological review pending.
Limitations & review scope
- Preclinical findings do not establish human benefit or safety.
- Indexed abstract reviewed; full methods and independent replication require appraisal.
Source checked 2026-10-05. This is a source-linked record, not a completed evidence review.
Cytoprotective Effect of NOP Receptor Blockade in Primary Culture of Pulmonary Fibroblasts.
Sazonova EN, Repa OG, Malofey YB · Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine
NALE retained cytoprotective effects during NOP-receptor blockade. Some combined measures improved further, so earlier proposals of NOP mediation remain unresolved rather than established.
- Population / setting
- Primary pulmonary fibroblasts under oxidative stress
- What was checked
- Primary publication metadata and indexed abstract checked via Europe PMC; full methodological review pending.
Limitations & review scope
- Preclinical findings do not establish human benefit or safety.
- Indexed abstract reviewed; full methods and independent replication require appraisal.
Source checked 2026-10-05. This is a source-linked record, not a completed evidence review.
Cytoprotective effect of non-opioid leu-enkephalin analogue in primary culture of pulmonary fibroblasts in oxidative stress
E. N. Sazonova, O. A. Lebedko, G. A. Denisyuk, K. V. Zhmerenetskiy, V. A. Dobrykh · Primary source linked above
NALE reduced oxidative-stress and nucleolar changes in pulmonary fibroblasts. The paper explicitly gives Phe–D-Ala–Gly–Phe–Leu–Arg; its suggested NOP mechanism was a hypothesis.
- Population / setting
- Primary pulmonary fibroblasts
- What was checked
- Selected original-source text checked; full methodological review pending.
Limitations & review scope
- In-vitro surrogate outcomes, not clinical recovery.
- Later receptor-blockade work qualifies the proposed mechanism.
Source checked 2026-10-05. This is a source-linked record, not a completed evidence review.